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br MADS box proteins in plants a flourishing family In
2024-11-19
MADS box proteins in plants, a flourishing family In contrast to animals, homeotic genes in plants do not code for homeodomain-containing proteins, but rather, in almost all cases, for MADS domain proteins. The sequencing of the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana revealed more than 100 putative MADS
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It has been well established that shortly
2024-11-19
It has been well established that shortly after systemic inflammation, NADPH oxidase and iNOS activity were increased in the cyclic amp function and lead to overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NO [66]. Moreover, previous studies indicated that Ang II induced an increased level of NA
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br Conflict of interest statement br Introduction Tanshinone
2024-11-18
Conflict of interest statement Introduction Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is a major active component of Salvia miltiorrhiza (S. miltiorrhiza), a well-known Chinese traditional medicine that is used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases [1]. Tan IIA exhibits diverse pharm
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br Conclusion These studies broadly demonstrate that dopamin
2024-11-18
Conclusion These studies broadly demonstrate that dopamine and endocannabinoid signaling in the NAc can have diverse effects on AMPAR-mediated synaptic function depending on previous psychostimulant experience. Here, we examined mechanisms underlying the depotentiation of AMPAR-mediated synaptic
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The potential use of derivatives belonging to this series
2024-11-18
The potential use of derivatives belonging to this series as therapeutic agents mostly depends on their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The pharmacokinetic phase includes absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) of the studied compounds. Therefore, preliminary data for theore
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Crohn s disease an inflammatory
2024-11-18
Crohn’s disease, an inflammatory bowel disease that affects the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, is characterized by a polymorphism in ULK1 autophagy gene due to the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Thus, the autophagic process is impaired during the disease. The mutations in the leu
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Investigating these possibilities will illuminate whether ce
2024-11-18
Investigating these possibilities will illuminate whether Zerumbone mg possess mechanisms to differentially detect ACLY-generated versus ACSS2-generated acetyl-CoA as well as define the functional relationship between histone acetylation levels and cellular functions and phenotypes. Given that ACLY
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br Introduction Androgens have been shown to regulate severa
2024-11-15
Introduction Androgens have been shown to regulate several neural functions ranging from reproduction to mood and cognitive abilities. This property starts as early as the perinatal period, which is characterized by prenatal and postnatal surges of gonadal testosterone, and continues through pube
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mst1 kinase Inhibition of autophagy has been shown
2024-11-15
Inhibition of autophagy has been shown to alleviate neuronal damage after cerebral ischemia, both in cell culture and rodent models (Koike et al., 2008, Li et al., 2015, Wang et al., 2016, Zhang et al., 2014, Zheng et al., 2014). Therefore, blockage of autophagy is a potential target for prevention
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br Regulation of BCAA catabolism The BCAA catabolic system i
2024-11-15
Regulation of BCAA catabolism The BCAA catabolic system is equipped in mammalian cells to dispose of excess BCAAs, presumably resulting in relatively stable concentrations of BCAAs in blood and tissues in humans. The main BCAA catabolic pathway is localized in the mitochondria of all tissues. The
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AKT activity is also self limiting through its substrate GSK
2024-11-15
AKT activity is also self-limiting through its substrate GSK3β; the kinase activity of which is negatively regulated by AKT phosphorylation (Fig. 3; Li, Liu, & Gao, 2009). GSK3β activation results in phosphorylation and subsequent ubiquitin mediated degradation of PHLPP (Li et al., 2009). AKT activa
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MDL 12330A hydrochloride shows the synthesis of imidazole in
2024-11-15
shows the synthesis of imidazole intermediates , , and . The key precursor keto aldehyde – was prepared in situ by SeO mediated oxidation of corresponding carbonyl compounds and or hydrolysis of dibromo ketone . Subsequent treatment with -Boc piperidine-4-carbaldehyde in the presence of aqueous
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In vivo CA mediate hypoxic nutritional and neurologic
2024-11-15
In vivo CA mediate hypoxic, nutritional, and neurologic stress responses. Stimulation of ADRα2A by these hormones to reduce β-cell metabolism has an obvious role in suppressing insulin secretion (Arun, 2004). Since β-cell metabolism and insulin secretion are linked, mechanisms that inhibit metabolis
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An important observation in our study is the
2024-11-15
An important observation in our study is the lack of effect of paroxetine pretreatment alone on β2AR membrane expression, which suggests that paroxetine, and pharmacologic inhibition of GRK2 in general, does not directly induce changes in receptor dynamics. Rather, the decreased ligand-induced β-arr
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Active SI behavior was dose
2024-11-15
Active SI behavior was dose-dependently affected by PACAP treatment (F3,25 = 14.42, p not shown); this likely reflects anxiety-like behavior because 1.0 μg PACAP did not affect maximum ICSS rates. Importantly, the PACAP dose administered to the treatment rat did not affect SI behaviors of the partn
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