• br Introduction The vacuolar ATPases V ATPases are

  2024-05-16

  

  Introduction The vacuolar ATPases (V-ATPases) are ATP-driven proton pumps that play important roles in both normal and disease processes [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. V-ATPases within cells function in such processes as intracellular membrane traffic, protein processing and degradation, coupled transp

• Analyzed by qRT PCR Fig the variation

  2024-05-16

  

  Analyzed by qRT-PCR (Fig. 8), the variation of the expressions of DtACLA and DtACLB was fairly consistent in response to nitrogen deficiency, suggesting that DtACLA and DtACLB may be coordinate to function in the catalysis. It was reported that in Arabidopsis, the coordinated ACLA and ACLB mRNA accu

• In our previous report salivary arginase

  2024-05-16

  

  In our previous report, salivary arginase levels were found to be higher in periodontitis patients compared to healthy controls (Ozmeriç, Elgün, & Uraz, 2000). However, only one study has investigated arginase ezyme in saliva in patients with dental implants in which smokers were also included. An i

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments We thank Simcere Pharmace

  2024-05-16

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We thank Simcere Pharmaceuticals, Nanjing, China, for providing a rabbit anti-VEGF neutralizing monoclonal antibody. We thank Dr. Schlisio in the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Karolinska Institute, for assistance with hypoxia assay. Y.C.’s laboratory is sup

• It remains to elucidate whether proteolytic activity is

  2024-05-16

  

  It remains to elucidate whether proteolytic activity is the cause or the consequence of changing levels of peptidergic substrates. In fact, in some cases, the expression of the enzyme does not necessarily parallel with its activity [26], [55], [57] and other factors such as a definite biochemical en

• br Perspective AA LA and other PUFAs

  2024-05-16

  

  Perspective AA, LA and other PUFAs and their lipid metabolites play an important role in human diseases. 12/15-LOX which is the metabolic enzyme of them plays an important role in the pathogenesis-related diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetic nephropathy, neurological diseases and other path

• am630 br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2024-05-16

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Competing financial interests Acknowledgements The work was partially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 31530053 and 31401424) and National Science and Technology Support Plan (Grant no. 2013BA

• Introduction Diabetic nephropathy is a

  2024-05-16

  

  Introduction Diabetic nephropathy is a rapidly growing cause of end-stage renal disease [1]. Glomerular, tubular and vascular toxicity resulting from hyperglycemia (glucotoxicity) have been evaluated extensively at the molecular level as contributing factors for diabetic nephropathy [[1], [2], [3]]

• Introduction Adenosine monophosphate cAMP is a general purpo

  2024-05-16

  

  Introduction Adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) is a general-purpose signaling molecule present in most branches of life. Intracellular cAMP levels control diverse cellular functions. In bacteria, cAMP regulates metabolism by activation of the catabolite activator protein (CAP), also known as cAM

• To our knowledge BAY has not progressed to clinical developm

  2024-05-16

  

  To our knowledge, BAY 60-6583 has not progressed to clinical development and remains to be the only ADORA2B agonist that has been developed.33, 34 Further development of similar compounds would be beneficial in future fibrosis research. One of the limitations of our study is being limited to in vit

• LO is a soluble kDa enzyme composed of an

  2024-05-15

  

  5-LO is a soluble 78 kDa enzyme, composed of an α-helix-rich catalytic domain and a regulatory β-sheet-rich C2-like domain. Depending on the cell type, 5-LO may be located in the cytosol, in the nucleoplasm, or in both compartments (Werz, 2002). Upon cell stimulation by agents that elevate intracell

• The role of DHT in

  2024-05-15

  

  The role of DHT in early teleost embryogenesis is not entirely clear or established, however additional studies that treat fish embryos to DHT or to specific srd5a inhibitors at critical stages of development (i.e. prior to sex differentiation) will shed light on the early functions of this androgen

• br Autophagy in the central

  2024-05-15

  

  Autophagy in the central nervous system The autophagic process appears to be very important for the cells of the central nervous system, as it allows to maintain the functional integrity of the nervous tissue. Indeed macroautophagy is involved in the regulation of homeostasis of the CNS, playing

• br Results br Discussion Autophagy

  2024-05-15

  

  Results Discussion Autophagy is considered as an important process in physiological and pathological ovarian function. It is related mainly to follicular atresia and CL regression (for review see [20]). However, an involvement in luteal cell survival is also proposed [21], [22]. The present st

• Demonstration of in vivo efficacy

  2024-05-15

  

  Demonstration of in vivo efficacy of potential chemopreventive agents in animal models is necessary for their clinical development. Our present study provides experimental evidence that CuB 0.1μmol by oral administration (for 2weeks before the cancer cell injection, 5days per week) significantly inh

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